The Quran on Human Embryonic Development

Monday, January 20, 2014
The miracle of embryonic development is mentioned in the Qur'an in minute detail, many of which were unknown to science until recently. 
It mentions the first stages of life after conception, the second stage of life after conception, and witnesses of scientists about these scientific facts of the Quran. Human

In the Quran, God speaks about the stages of embryonic development rights:
 

   " We created man from an extract of clay. Then did a drop
    in a place of settlement, firmly fixed. Then We made the 
    drop into an alaqah (leech, suspended thing, and blood clot), 
    then did the ' alaqah one mudghah (chewed substance) ... "
    (Qur'an 23:12-14) Human
 
Literally, the Arabic word alaqah has three meanings: (1) leech, (2) suspended thing, and (3) a blood clot.
In comparing a leech to an embryo in the alaqah stage, we find similarity between the two [The Developing Human, Moore and Persaud, 5th ed., P. 8] can be seen in Figure 1. Also, the embryo at this stage feeds on the blood of the mother, as the leech feeds on the blood of others.
[Human Development, as described in the Quran and Sunnah, Moore and others, p. 36]
Human

Figure 1: Drawings illustrating the similarities in appearance between a leech and a human embryo at the alaqah. (Leech drawing from Human Development as described in the Quran and Sunnah, Moore and others, p. 37, modified from Integrated Zoology, Hickman et al. Embryo drawing human development principles, Moore and Persaud, 5th Edition ., P. 73.) Human
 

The second meaning of the word alaqah is "suspended thing." This is what we can see in Figures 2 and 3, the suspension of the embryo in the alaqah stage, in the womb of the mother.


Figure 2: We can see in this diagram the suspension of an embryo in the alaqah stage in the womb (uterus) of the mother. (Developing Human, Moore and Persaud, 5th ed., P. 66.) Human

Figure 3: In this photomicrograph, we can see the suspension of an embryo (marked B) in alaqah stage (about 15 days old) in the womb of the mother. The actual size of the embryo is about 0.6 mm. (Human developing, Moore, 3rd ed., P. 66, Histology, Leeson and Leeson.) Human
 
The third meaning of the word alaqah is "blood clot." We found that the external appearance of the embryo and during step sacks alaqah is similar to that of a blood clot. This is due to the presence of large amounts of blood present in the embryo during this stage [of human development, as described in the Quran and Sunnah, Moore and others, pp. 37-38] (see Figure 4). Also during this stage, the blood in the embryo does not circulate until the end of the third week. [Human development, Moore and Persaud, 5th ed., P. 65] Therefore, the embryo at this stage is as a blood clot. 

 Hum


Figure 4: Diagram of the primitive cardiovascular system in an embryo in the alaqah. The external appearance of the embryo and its sacs is similar to that of a blood clot, due to the presence of relatively large amount of blood present in the embryo. (Human developing, Moore, 5th ed., P. 65.) Human
 
So the three meanings of the word alaqah correspond accurately to the descriptions of the embryo in the alaqah.
The next stage mentioned in the verse is the mudghah stage. The Arabic word mudghah means "chewed substance." If you we were to take a piece of chewing gum in his mouth and then compare it with an embryo at mudghah, we conclude that the embryo stage mudghah acquires the appearance of a chewed substance. This is because of the somites at the back of the embryo that "somewhat resemble teethmarks in a chewed substance." [Human development, Moore and Persaud, 5th ed., P. 8] (see Figures 5 and 6)
Human

Figure 5: Photograph of an embryo at the stage (28 days) mudghah. The embryo at this stage acquires the appearance of a chewed substance, because the somites at the back of the embryo somewhat resemble teeth marks in a chewed substance. The actual size of the embryo is 4 mm. (Human Development, Moore and Persaud, 5th ed., P. 82, Professor Hideo Nishimura, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.) Human
Figure 6: When comparing the appearance of an embryo at mudghah with a piece of gum that has been chewed, there is a similarity between the two. Development
A) Drawing of an embryo at mudghah. We can see here the somites at the back of the embryo that look like teeth marks. (Developing Human, Moore and Persaud, 5th ed., P. 79.)
B) Photograph of a piece of gum that has been chewed.

 
How could Muhammad, peace and blessings of God be upon him, have possibly known all this 1400 years ago, when scientists have recently discovered, using advanced equipment and powerful microscopes which did not exist at that time? Hamm and Leeuwenhoek were the first scientists to observe human sperm cells (spermatozoa) using an improved in 1677 (more than 1000 years after Muhammad) microscope. They mistakenly thought that the sperm cell contained a miniature human being that grew when it was deposited in the female genital tract. [The Developing Human, Moore and Persaud, 5th ed., P. 9]
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Professor Emeritus Keith L. Moore [Note: The occupations of all the scientists mentioned in this web site has been updated in 1997] is one of the most eminent scientists in the world in the fields of anatomy and embryology and is the author of the book entitled The Human development which has been translated into eight languages. This book is a scientific reference work and was chosen by a special committee in the United States as the best book written by a book person. Dr. Keith Moore is Professor of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. There was Associate Dean of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and for 8 years was the Chairman of the Department of Anatomy. In 1984, he received the most distinguished in the field of anatomy in Canada prize, the JCB Grant Award from the Canadian Association of Anatomists. He has directed many international associations, such as American and Canadian Association of Anatomists and the Council of the Union of Biological Sciences. 
 

In 1981, during the Seventh Medical Conference in Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Professor Moore said: "It was a great pleasure for me to help clarify statements in the Quran about human development that is clear to me that these statements should you. have come to Muhammad from God, because almost all of this knowledge was not discovered until many centuries later. Which proves to me that Muhammad was a messenger of God. " [The reference for this call This is the truth (video). To obtain a copy of this videotape, please visit] (To view the RealPlayer video of this comment click here). 

Consequently, Professor Moore were asked the following question:. "Does this mean that you believe that the Quran is the word of God", said "I find no difficulty in accepting this" [This is the truth (video)]
In one conference, Professor Moore stated: ".... Because the development phase of human embryos is complex, owing to the continuous process of change during development, it is proposed that the new classification system could be developed using terms mentioned in the Quran and Sunnah (what Muhammad, peace and blessings of God be upon him, said, did, or approved.) The proposed system is simple, comprehensive and consistent with present embryological knowledge. Refinement of the Qur'an and Hadith studies (reliable transmissions of the companions of Prophet Muhammad from what he said, did, or approved of) in the last four years have revealed a system for classifying human embryos that is amazing since it was recorded in the seventh century AD Although Aristotle , the founder of the science of embryology, realized that chick embryos developed in stages from his studies of hen's eggs in the fourth century BC, he did not elaborate on these steps. As known the history of embryology, little was known about the staging and classification .. human embryos until the twentieth century For this reason, the descriptions of the human embryo in the Quran cannot be based on scientific knowledge in the seventh century The only reasonable conclusion is that these descriptions were revealed to Muhammad by God. He could not have known such details because he was an illiterate person with no scientific training. "[This is the truth (video). For a copy, see footnote no. 9] (View the RealPlayer video of this comment).
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